African American Parental Beliefs About Resiliency: A Delphi Study

Authors

Vita Jones, Ph. D. Assistant Professor, Kyle Higgins, Ph.D., Professor, Randall Boone, Ph.D., Professor, Susan P. Miller, Ph.D., Professor, Nancy Sileo, Ed.D., Professor
  • Vita Jones, Ph. D. Assistant Professor (Author) California State University Fullerton image/svg+xml
    Vita L. Jones, Ph.D. is an Early Childhood Assistant Professor for the Special Education department of California State University, Fullerton. She has been in the field of special education since the 1980s as a paraprofessional, a classroom teacher, a teacher mentor and a professor. Her research agenda includes early childhood issues and trends, and issues of diversity in the 21st century. Dr. Jones’s also focuses on the characteristics of resiliency that contribute to student success.
  • Kyle Higgins, Ph.D., Professor (Author) University of Nevada Las Vegas image/svg+xml
    Kyle Higgins, Ph.D. is a professor in the Department of Educational and Clinical Studies at UNLV. Her research interests include educational interventions for students from diverse populations, technology applications, and the development of resiliency in children and youth.
  • Randall Boone, Ph.D., Professor (Author) University of Nevada Las Vegas
    Randall Boone, Ph.D. is Chair of the Department of Teaching and Learning at UNLV. His research interests include the collection and analysis of large data sets, instructional design, and instructional technology.
  • Susan P. Miller, Ph.D., Professor (Author) University of Nevada Las Vegas
    Susan Miller, Ph.D. is an Emerita Professor of Special Education in the Department of Educational and Clinical Studies at the University of Nevada Las Vegas. She devoted 35 years to the field of education in various teaching positions and conducted research in math strategies for students with disabilities.
  • Nancy Sileo, Ed.D., Professor (Author) University of Northern Colorado image/svg+xml
    Nancy Sileo, Ed.D. is a Professor of Early Childhood Special Education / Early Childhood Education and has been in the field of education for over 20 years. She earned her Ed.D. from the University of Northern Colorado (UNC) in 1998 and is currently Assistant Dean for the College of Education and Behavioral Sciences at UNC.
https://doi.org/10.64546/jaasep.252
This study involved a Delphi inquiry concerning the characteristics of resiliency specific to African American children/youth. The study was conducted with a large group of African American parents who were considered experts in resiliency because they had graduated from high school and had at least one child who had graduated from high school. Through a series of three Delphi surveys, the parents moved toward consensus concerning the most important characteristics of resiliency that contributed to their success and the success of their child(ren); as well as those that hindered their success and the success of their child(ren). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis. The main characteristics of resiliency defined by the parents as contributing to or hindering their success or the success of their child(ren) included (a) spiritual/faith, (b) positive/negative personal traits, (c) family involvement/problems, (d) positive/negative educational supports, (e) inappropriate behaviors, and (f) resources.

Barnette, J., Danielson, L., & Algozzine, R. (1978). Delphi methodology: An empirical investigation. Educational Research Quarterly, 3(1), 66-73.

Booker, K.C. (2004). Exploring school belonging and academic achievement in African American adolescents. Curriculum and Teaching Dialogue, 6, 131-143.

Brown, J.H. (2001). Systemic reform concerning resilience in education. TechTrends, 45(4), 47-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02784825

Condly, S.J. (2006). A review of literature with implications for education. Resilience in Children, 41, 211-236. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085906287902

Connell, J.P., Spencer, M.B., & Aber, J.L. (1994). Educational risk and resilience in African American youth: Context, self, action, and outcomes in school. Child Development, 65, 493-506. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00765.x

Daire, A.P., LaMothe, S., & Fuller, D.P. (2007). Differences between Black/African Americans and White college students regarding influences on high school completion, college attendance, and career choice. Brief Report, 55, 275-279. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2007.tb00083.x

Ford, D.Y. (1994). Nurturing resilience in gifted black youth. Roeper Review, 17, 80-85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02783199409553630

Harvey, V.S. (2007). Raising resiliency school wide. The Education Digest, 72(7), 9-33.

International Resilience Project. Task Force on developing strategies to negotiate resilience. (n.d.). Retrieved October 12, 2007 from http://www.resilienceproject.org/index.cfm

Keogh, B., & Weisner, T.S. (1993). An ecocultural perspective on risk and protective factors in children’s development: Implications for learning disabilities. Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, 8, 3-10.

Kitano, M.K., & Lewis, R.B. (2005). Resilience and coping: Implications for children and youth at risk. Roper Review, 27, 200-205. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02783190509554319

Lincoln, C.E. (1990). The Black church in the African American experience. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9780822381648

Linstone, H.A., & Turoff, M. (2002). The Delphi method: Techniques and applications. Retrieved April 10, 2008, from New Jersey Institute of Technology Web site: http://is.njit.edu/pubs/delphibook/delphibook.pdf

Margalit, M. (2003). Resilience among individuals with learning disabilities: Proximal and distal influences, Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 18, 82-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-5826.00062

Martin, A.J., & Marsh, H. (2006). Academic resilience and its psychological and educational correlates: A construct validity approach. Psychology in the Schools, 43, 267-281. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.20149

Miller, D. B., & MacIntosh, R. (1999). Promoting resilience in urban African American adolescents: Racial socialization and identity. Social Work Research, 2, 159-170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/swr/23.3.159

Milstein, M.M., & Henry, D.A. (2000). Spreading resiliency: Making it happen for schools and communities. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.

McCabe, S.E., Morales, M., Cranford, J.A. Delva, J., McPherson, M.D. & Boyd, C.J. (2007). Race/ethnicity and gender differences in drug use and abuse among college students. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse, 6, 75-95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J233v06n02_06

McCallister, A.D. (1992). Determining characteristics of the forest industry in the 21st century: A Delphi study with implications for agriculture education programs. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Georgia, Athens, G.A.

Morrison, G.M., & Cosden, M.A. (1997). Risk, resilience and adjustment of individuals with learning disabilities. Learning Disabilities Quarterly, 20, 43-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1511092

Murray, C. (2003). Risk factors, vulnerability, and resilience: A framework for understanding and supporting the adult transitions of youth with high-incidence disabilities, Remedial and Special Education, 24, 16-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/074193250302400102

National Center for Education Statistics. (2005) [Percentage of 16-24 year olds who were high school status dropouts, by race/ethnicity: 1989-2005. (NCES). Retrieved September 15, 2007, from http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2007

Nehiley, J. (2001). How to conduct a Delphi study. Abstract retrieved April 29, 2008, from http://extmarket.ufl.edu/FOCUS.html

Ogbu, J.U. (2004). Collective identity and the burden of ""Acting White"" in black history, community and education. The Urban Review, 36(1), 1-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:URRE.0000042734.83194.f6

Parker, G.R., Cowens, E.L., Work, W.C., & Wyman, P.A. (1990). Test correlates of stress resilience among urban school children. Journal of Primary Prevention, 11(1), 19-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01324859

Patterson, J.M. (2002). Understanding family resilience. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58, 233-246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.10019

Payne, W.J. (1995). Directory of African American religious bodies: A compendium by the Howard University School of Divinity. Washington, DC; Howard University Press. Sagor, R. (1996). Building resiliency in students. Educational Leadership. 54, 38-43.

Smith, T.T., Lee, E., & McDade, H.L., (2001). An investigation of T-units in African American English-speaking fourth-grade children. Communication Disorders Quarterly 22, 148-157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/152574010102200304

Spradley, J.P. (1980). Participant Observation. Independence: KY, Thomas Learning, Inc.

Streveler, R.A., Olds, B.M., Miller, R.L., & Nelson, M.A. (2003). Using a Delphi study to identify the most difficult concepts for students to master in thermal and transport science. Proceedings of the 2003 American Society for Engineering Annual Conferences & Exposition, Golden, CO, 1-9.

Wang, M.C., & Gordon, E. W. (1994). Educational resilience in inner-city America: Challenges and prospects. Hillsdale, NJ.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Waxman, H.C., Gray, J.P., & Padron, Y.N. (2003). Review of research on educational resilience (Research Report No. 11). Santa Cruz, University of California: The Center for Research on Education, Diversity and Excellence.

Werner, E.E., & Smith, R.S. (1992) Overcoming the odds: High risk children from birth to adulthood. New York: Cornell University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501711992

There are 33 references in total.
Jones, V., Higgins, K., Boone, R., Miller, S. P., & Sileo, N. (2014). African American Parental Beliefs About Resiliency: A Delphi Study. Journal of the American Academy of Special Education Professionals, 9(3), 65-93. https://doi.org/10.64546/jaasep.252

Downloads

Article Information

  • Article Type Articles
  • Submitted August 8, 2014
  • Published October 15, 2014
  • Issue Fall 2014
  • Section Articles
  • File Downloads 0
  • Abstract Views 0
  • Altmetrics
  • Share
Download data is not yet available.