Services and Supports for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Authors

  • Siddiq Ahmed, Ph.D. (Author) Candidate in Special Education Duquesne University image/svg+xml
    Siddiq Ahmed is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Counseling, Psychology, an d Special Education at Duquesne University. He received four master’s degree in Linguistic, Educational Administration, Professional Special Education and Master of Science in Special Education. His concentration area is on Autism and Behavior Disorders. He has 20 years of experience in teaching and 10 of them in teaching students with special needs. His research interests include positive behavior supports, peer mediated intervention for students with special needs, services and support for individuals with autism in developing countries.
  • Morgan Chitiyo, Ph.D. (Author) Duquesne University image/svg+xml
    Dr. Morgan Chitiyo is Department Chair and Professor of Special Education at Duquesne University. He is also co-editor of the African Journal of Special and Inclusiv e Education, associate editor of the Journal of International Special Needs Education, and former editor of the Journal of the International Association of Special Education. His research interests include positive behavior supports, autism, and special education professional development. He has received several awards for his outstanding contributions in teaching, research, and service.
  • Mohamad Al-Jaffal, Ph.D. (Author) King Saud University image/svg+xml
    Mohammed Aljaffal is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Counseling, Psychology, and Special Education at Duquesne University. He received the bachelor degree in special education focusing on autism and behavior disorders from King Saud University in 2010. He received the master of Art in special education focusing on autism from the University of Akron in 2015. He also received the Master of Science in special education focusing on behavior and autism. His research interests lie in the professional development for general education teacher regarding the inclusion of students with ASD and Evidence-based practice for students with ASD.
https://doi.org/10.64546/jaasep.404
This paper reviews the services and supports that are available to individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The review focuses on the diagnostic process, early intervention and educational services, family collaboration/parental involvement, instructional practices, and research-based practices. Based on this review, there is need for more research in this area in order to increase awareness regarding ASD and promote better services and rehabilitation programs for people with ASD in the KSA. In addition, it is recommended that general education teachers should take special education courses in their preparation programs so that they can effectively support students with ASD in the inclusive education environment.

Abed, M. G., & Alrawajfh, S. (2017). Elementary school teachers' attitude towards including students with special educational needs into regular public schools in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Education, 9(1), 49-66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5296/ije.v9i1.10915

AL-Amodi Autism Research Chair (AARCh). (n.d.). AL-Amodi Autism Research Chair (AARCh). Retrieved from http://c.ksu.edUSAa/aarchair/en

Alamri, A. (2016). Teachers’ attitudes towards children with autism: A comparative study of the United States and Saudi Arabia. Journal of the International Association of Special Education, 16(1), 14-25.

Almasoud H. Services and support for individuals with autism: a comparative study between the UK and Saudi Arabia; (2010a). Retrieved from http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/almasoud/DocLib29/Services%20and%20support%20for%20autistic%20people%D8%A3.%20%D8%AD%D9%86%D8%A7%D9% 86%20%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85% D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF.pdf

Almasoud, H. (2010b). The Education of Children with autism in Saudi Arabia: A Teaching Guide. King Saud University. Retrieved from http://faculty.ksu.edUSAa/almasoud/DocLib29/The%20Education%20of%20Children%20with%20autism%20in%20Saudi.pdf

Al-Mousa, N. A. (2010). The experience of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia in mainstreaming students with special educational needs in public schools. Saudi Arabia: The Arab Bureau of Education for the Gulf States Riyadh/UNESCO.

Al-Mulhim, A. (2014, May 19). Need for special education centers in KSA. Arab News. Retrieved from http://www.arabnews.com/news/573076

Alnahdi, G. H. (2014). Special education programs for students with intellectual disability in Saudi Arabia: Issues and recommendations. Journal of the International Association of Special Education, 15(1), 83-91.

Alnahdi, Ghaleb (2013). Transition services for students with mild intellectual disability in Saudi Arabia. Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 48(4), 531-544.

Alnemary, F. M., Aldhalaan, H. M., Simon-Cereijido, G., & Alnemary, F. M. (2017). Services for children with autism in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The International Journal of Research and Practice, 21(5), 592-602. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316664868 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316664868

Alotaibi, F., & Almalki, N. (2016). Parents' perceptions of early interventions and related services for children with autism spectrum disorder in Saudi Arabia. International Education Studies, 9(10), 128-140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v9n10p128

Al-Othman, I. (2002). Status of special education services for students with autism in Saudi Arabia (Order No. 3055380). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (251672389). Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.authenticate.library.duq.edu/docview/251672389?accountid=10610

Alqahtani, M. M. J. (2012). Understanding autism in Saudi Arabia: A qualitative analysis of the community and cultural context. Journal of Pediatric Neurology, 10(1), 15-22. Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.authenticate.library.duq.edu/docview/1022704997?accountid=10610

Alquraini, Turki (2011). Special education in Saudi Arabia: Challenges, perspectives, future possibilities. International Journal of Special Education. 26(2), 149-159.

Al-Salehi, S. & Ghaziuddin, M. (2009). G6PD deficiency in autism: a case-series from Saudi Arabia. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 18(4), 227-230. doi:10.1007/s00787-008-0721-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-008-0721-9

Al-Salehi, S. M., Al-Hifthy, E. H., & Ghaziuddin, M. (2009). Autism in Saudi Arabia: presentation, clinical correlates and comorbidity. Transcultural Psychiatry, 46(2), 340-347. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1363461509105823

Amr, M., Ali, W. B., Hablas, H., Raddad, D., El-Mehesh, F., El-Gilany, A. H., & Al-Shamy, H. (2012). Sociodemographic factors in Arab children with autism spectrum disorders, Pan African Medical Journal, 13(1), 65, 1–11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.05.005

Babatin, A. M., Alzahrani, B. S., Jan, F. M., Alkarimi, E. H., & Jan, M. M. (2016). The availability of services for children with autism spectrum disorder in a Saudi population. Neurosciences, 21(3), 223–226. http://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2016.3.20150597 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2016.3.20150597

Eid, A. M., Aljaser, S. M., AlSaud, A. N., Asfahani, S. M., Alhaqbani, O. A., Mohtasib, R. S., ... & Fryling, M. (2017). Training parents in Saudi Arabia to implement discrete trial teaching with their children with autism spectrum disorder. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 10(4), 402–406. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40617-016-0167-3

El-Ansary, A. & Al-Ayadhi, L. (2012). Neuroinflammation in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 9(1), 265-273. doi:10.1186/1742-2094-9-265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-9-265

Finn, J. D., Suriani, A. E., & Achilles, C. M. (2007, November). Small classes in the early grades: One policy–multiple outcomes. Paper presented at National Invitational Conference of the Early Childhood Research Collaborative, Minneapolis, MN. Retrieved from http://archive.scottish.parliament.uk/s3/committees/ellc/inquiries/documents/FinnProfessorJ.pdf

Haimour, A. I., & Obaidat, Y. F. (2013). School teachers' knowledge about autism in Saudi Arabia. World Journal of Education, 3(5), 45-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v3n5p45

Hussein, H., & Taha, G. R. (2013). Autism spectrum disorders: a review of the literature from Arab countries. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 20(3), 106-116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.XME.0000430433.49160.a4

King Salman Center for Disability Research. (2000). System of care for the disabled in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from http://www.kscdr.org.sa/ar/disability-code

Kopetz, P. B., & Endowed, E. D. L. (2012). Autism worldwide: Prevalence, perceptions, acceptance, action. Journal of Social Sciences, 8(2), 196. The Saudi Autistic Society. (n.d.). Saudi Autistic Society. July 23, 2014. Retrieved from http://saudiautism.com/english/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=25:the-saudi-Autistic-society-&catid=31:general&Itemid=28 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/jssp.2012.196.201

There are 25 references in total.
Ahmed, S., Chitiyo, M., & Al-Jaffal, M. (2019). Services and Supports for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Journal of the American Academy of Special Education Professionals, 14(3), 38-46. https://doi.org/10.64546/jaasep.404

Downloads

Article Information

  • Article Type Articles
  • Submitted September 8, 2019
  • Published October 15, 2019
  • Issue Fall 2019
  • Section Articles
  • File Downloads 0
  • Abstract Views 2
  • Altmetrics
  • Share
Download data is not yet available.