Life Skill Programs: An Exploratory Survey of School Based Programming in the Public High School Setting

Authors

  • Dr. Kathleen Hegarty Follis OTD, OTR/L (Author) American International College image/svg+xml
    Kathleen Hegarty Follis, OTD, OTR/L is a school based occupational therapist employed at Litchfield School District. In addition to working with grades preschool-12, she also has experience in rehabilitation and acute care. Dr. Hegarty Follis recently earned her Occupationa l Therapy Doctorate Degree from American International College in May 2021 and previously earned her Master of Science in Occupational Therapy from Boston University in 2001.
  • Dr. Christina Helfrich PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA (Author) American International College
    Christine Helfrich, PhD, OTR/l, FAOTA is Professor and Post-Professional OTD Capstone Coordinator in the Division of Occupational Therapy at American International College. She is the developer and author of the Life Skills Intervention series and regularly provides research, curriculum, and fieldwork consultation.
  • Dr. Allison F. Sullivan OT, DOT, OTR (Author) American International College
    Allison Sullivan, OT, DOT, OTR is a Professor at American International College in Springfield, MA. Dr. Sullivan serves as lead faculty for AIC's Post-Professional Doctor of Occupational Therapy program. Her research interests include pedagogy in occupational therapy education, cognitive disabilities, and trauma-informed care.
https://doi.org/10.64546/jaasep.511
The purpose of this survey was to explore the uniformity of current life skill programs by identifying how individuals are provided instruction in the daily living skills needed to complete routine life functions, through categorizing common curriculum themes and standard program formats. Methods: Special education professionals (N=100) working with adolescents with cognitive disabilities completed descriptive online questionnaire surveys. Results: The survey identified a lack of understanding of state requirements for life skill programming and the criteria that defines a life skill program. While some programs used a curriculum, the majority did not. Additionally, pre-test assessments were not used to gather baseline data. Conclusion: Life skill programs vary widely in scope and structure. Life skill programming needs to become more standardized, with the use of baseline assessments to measure progress and program effectiveness. Future research is needed to determine best practice approaches to life skills programming.

AshmadiGatab, T., Shayan, N., Tazangi, R.M. & Taheri, M. (2011). Students’ life quality prediction based on life skills. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 1980-1982. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.384

Alwell, M. & Cobb, B. (2009). Functional life skills curricular interventions for youth with disabilities: A systematic review. Career Development for Exceptional Disabilities, 32(2), 82-93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0885728809336656

Arnold-Reid, G.S., Schloss, P.J. & Alper, S. (1997). Teaching meal planning to youth with mental retardation in natural settings. Remedial and Special Education, 18(3), 166-173. doi:10.1177/074193259701800305 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/074193259701800305

Bouck, E.C. (2010). Reports of life skills training for students with intellectual disabilities in and out of school. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 54, 1093-1103. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01339.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01339.x

Bobzien, J.L. (2014). Academic or functional life skills? Using behaviors associated with happiness to guide instruction for students with profound/multiple disabilities. Education Research International, 2014(710816). http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/710816 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/710816

Browder, D.M., Wood, L., Thompson, J. & Ribuffo, C. (2014). Evidence-based practices for students with severe disabilities (Document No. IC-3). Retrieved from University of Florida, Collaboration for Effective Educator, Development, Accountability, and Reform Center. website: http://ceedar.education.ufl.edu/tools/innovation-configurations/

Cronin, M. (1996). Life skills curricula for students with learning disabilities: A review of the literature. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 29(1), 128-142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002221949602900108

D’Souza, D. (2018). Effect of situated learning model on critical problem solving skills among higher secondary pupils. Journal on School Educational Technology, 14(1), 27-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26634/jsch.14.1.14381

Duff, C., McPherson, A., King, G., & Kingsnorth, S. (2020). Deconstructing residential immersive life skills programming through a pedagogical lens: Mechanisms that can facilitate learning for youth with disabilities. Journal of Research in Special Education Needs, (20)2, 121-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12470

King, G., Kingsnorth, S., McPherson, A., Jones-Galley, K., Pinto, M., Fellin, M., Timbrell, N. & Savage, D. (2016). Residential immersive life skills programs for youth with physical disabilities: A pilot study of program opportunities, intervention strategies, and youth experiences. Resarch in Developmental Disabilities, 55, 242-255. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2016.04.014

Kingsnorth, S., Healy, H. & Macarthur, C. (2007). Preparing for adulthood: A systematic review of life skill programs for youth with physical disabilities. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, 323-332. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.06.007

Kingsnorth, S., Rudzik, A.E., King, G. & McPherson, A.C. (2019). Residential immersive life skills programs for youth with disabilities: a case study of youth developmental trajectories of personal growth and caregiver perspectives. BMC Pediatrics, 19, 1-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1793-z

McPherson, A., King, G., Rudzik, A., Kingsnorth, S., Gorter, J.W. & Ontario Independence Program Research Team. (2016). Optimizing life success through residential immersive life skills programs for youth with disabilities: study protocol of a mixed-methods, prospective, comparative cohort study. BMC Pediatrics, 16, 1-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-016-0694-7

McPherson, A., Rudzik, A., Kingsnorth, S., King, G., Willem Gorter, J., & Morrison, A. (2018). “Ready to take on the world”: Experiences and understandings of independence after attending residential immersive life skills programs for youth with physical disabilities. Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 21(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17518423.2016.1141254 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/17518423.2016.1141254

Meyers, S. (2011). Life skills training through situated learning experiences: An alternative instructional model. International Journel of Special Education, 26(3), 142-149.

National Disability Institute. (2020). The extra costs of living with a disability in the U.S.-Resetting the policy table. NDI.org. https://www.nationaldisabilityinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/extra-costs-living-with-disability-brief.pdf

New Hampshire Fiscal Policy Institute. (2019). The state budget for fiscal year2 2020 and 2021. NHFPI.org. https://nhfpi.org/resource/the-state-budget-for-fiscal-years-2020-and-2021/

Nietupski, J., Hamre-Nietupski, S., Curtin, S., and Shrikanth, K. (1997). A review of curricular research in severe disabilities from 1976 to 1995 in six selected journals. The Journal of Special Education, 31(1), 36-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002246699703100104

Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services United States Department of Education. (2020). A transition guide to postsecondary education and employment for students and youth with disabilities. Washington, D.C. Powers, R. (Ed.). 2020. E-learning essentials 2020. Power Learning Solutions. https://elearning2020.pressbooks.com/chapter/situated-learning-theory/

Sheppard, L. & Unsworth, C. (2011). Developing skills in everyday activities and self-determination in adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Remedial and Special Education, 32(5), 393-405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0741932510362223

White P.H. (1997). Success on the road to adulthood. Issues and hurdles for adolescents with disabilities. Rheumatic Diease Clinics, 23(3), 697-707. doi:10.1016/s0889-857x(05)70353-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-857X(05)70353-7

There are 21 references in total.
Hegarty Follis, K., Helfrich, C., & Sullivan, A. (2023). Life Skill Programs: An Exploratory Survey of School Based Programming in the Public High School Setting. Journal of the American Academy of Special Education Professionals, 18(1), 61-71. https://doi.org/10.64546/jaasep.511

Downloads

Article Information

  • Article Type Articles
  • Submitted January 12, 2023
  • Published February 15, 2023
  • Issue Winter 2023
  • Section Articles
  • File Downloads 0
  • Abstract Views 0
  • Altmetrics
  • Share
Download data is not yet available.